Ensure the misalignment is less than 15 mils thou at the coupling. Select from our standard options or contact us to discuss custom or modified shaft couplings. Shaft alignment of rotating equipment is an essential part of machinery maintenance. When the shaft of two rotator machines are directly coupled via a flexible coupling, any misalignment between their centerlines of rotation can result in vibration. It is able to compensate for shaft misalignment, for example caused by manufacturing inaccuracies, thermal expansion, etc. Navy crane center form 09001 coupling data sheet feb 20. On rotating machinery, runout is defined as the degree to which a shaft or coupling deviates from true circular rotation. To achieve this goal, components that are the most likely. Other coupling designs are available to accommodate some amount of angular misalignment or axial shaft movement and offset. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaft alignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. Shaft couplings are available in different sizes and material finishes. Machinery alignment tolerance tables the suggested alignment tolerances shown here are general values based upon experience and general industry standards and should not be exceeded.
Every shaft or coupling has a center or rotation, or centerline. For example, the only correct way to express shaft alignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this. Stan shows you how to perform an alignment in just one or two moves using dial. Misalignment of flexible couplings can lead to excessive force on either the motor or the driven load. Both coupled shaft diameters distance between shaft ends likely machine alignment quality angular parallel axial visit. Shaft couplings and universal joints universal joints singleuniversaljointstypesgandh, shafts6to50mm. Shaft alignment is one of the major problems related to machinery with shaft coupling. Machinery alignment tolerance tables impact engineering. Avace mafactri office the importance of motor shaft alignment the objective of optimized shaft alignment is to increase the operating life span of rotating machinery. The main roles of a coupling include the following. The introduction of shaft laser alignment has been a great addition to maintenance and makes coupling alignment so much easier.
If runout is severe, it can cause many problems with equipment, such as. Coupling size torque rating lbin hp per 100 rpm 1010ggc 10,080 16. Shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Our engineers have developed a motor shaft coupling pdf white paper how to select shaft couplings to assist you in the selection of the most appropriate shaft to shaft or gearbox coupling for your application. Dial gauge alignment procedure in covered with detailed animation. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin. Choose from our selection of misalignment couplings, including rod alignment couplers, shaft collars and couplings, and more. Coupling offers standard shaft to shaft connection for general industrial duty applications standard l type coupling hub materials are either sintered iron l035l190 or cast. The bent shaft affects alignment process by showing improper reading. Examples are fans, blowers, shafts, couplings, large turbomachinery and others.
Shaft alignment is the process of aligning two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. Misalignment shaft couplings misalignment shaft couplers. Basic shaft alignment workbook preface w elcome to the introductory book on shaft alignment of rotating machinery. Laser alignment is an essential component of a viable.
Pdf a practical guide to shaft alignment ahmad rohman. Do not operate coupling assembly if alignment is improper, or where applicable, if elastomeric element is damaged, or worn to less than 75 of its original thickness. Several equipment alignment methods, especially the reverse dial indicator method, which is the principle used in laser alignment is covered in explicit detail. Pump alignment form fill out and sign printable pdf. Here you can download the pdf template of the tksa 20 shaft alignment report, which can be used for documenting of your alignment activities. Pdf laseroptical alignment of shafts in rotating machinery is simple and more accurate than conventional mechanical methods and can. Fill out, securely sign, print or email your pump alignment form instantly with signnow. Changes in the temperature of machines from off line to running can have a significant impact on the shaft alignment. Runout, soft foot, coupling, bearings, foundation, base plate, and piping strain on the machines. Good shaft alignment practice should be a key strategy in the. Sureflex plus couplings have exceptional torsional flexibility, with the 4way flexing action absorbing virtually all types of shock, vibration, misalignment and end float. If a manufacturer of a machine or coupling require tighter alignment tolerances, those should be used. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment.
Shafts are breaking or cracking at or close to the inboard bearings or coupling hubs. Flex hubs on floating shaft rffr assembly of the flex hubs on the floating shaft. Rotating machinery is the heart of many industrial operations, but many engineers and technicians perform shaft alignment by guesswork or with limited knowledge of the tools and methods available to accurately and effectively align their machinery. Flexible couplings an overview sciencedirect topics. Acceptable limits are calculated from sliding velocity of lubricated steel on steel, using a conservative. Reverse alignment is the measurement of the axis, or centerline, of one shaft to the relative position of the axis of an opposing shaft centerline. The motor is the prime mover, transferring power to the pump by the use of a coupling. Machinery manufacturers published various shaft alignment guides for their specific machines, but these varied widely in methodology and acceptable tolerances. A coupling should be never shaft couplings the marriage of engine to propeller shaft is the most essential link in the drivetrain.
Couplings can be rigid or flexible depending on the alignment accuracies of the system and torque requirements. A shaft coupling is a mechanical device used to connect rotating shafts and absorb misalignments between them. Shaft aligning techniques shaft alignment by conventional method shaft alignment by dial test indicator dti shaft alignment by using laser equipment shaft alignment by using computer. Between two shafts and occurs at the coupling between the generator and turbine. With a focus on the core alignment tasks, the tksa 11 is designed to be a very easytouse instrument that is especially suitable for alignment learners and compact applications. Basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin n1achincrv. To achieve this goal, components that are the most likely to fail must. Gear coupling catalog falk lifelign gear couplings inch download the most uptodate versions at. With the coupling broken, mount the fixture to the stationary shaft or coupling hub. The objective of optimized shaft alignment is to increase the operating life span of rotating machinery. This is probably the most common configuration of coupled machines in industry.
When the centerlines of their rotating shafts dont match up perfectly, it can lead to wasted power, accelerated component wear, and even the equipment failures the following are the most prevalent causes. Replace damaged shim packs with new, corrosion and crush resistant shims. The skf tksa 11 is an innovative shaft alignment tool that uses smartphones and tablets and intuitively guides the user through the shaft alignment process. The primary reasons why machinery is misaligned is lack of proper training, improper tools to do the job, and that people are not given enough time to do it right.
However, the task of shaft allignment can be made easy by following a few guidelines. The shaft alignment training course provides a highly practical knowledge of the use of dial gauge in coupling alignment. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling alignment, motor alignmnet, pump alignment, etc. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. This shaft alignment video presents the most basic concepts of alignment. Motorpump alignment is the process of aligning shaft centerlines between a motor and a pump. A pdf with all measurement data is automafically generated. Pdf a laser shaft alignment by ipspsds for rotary machine. The proper alignment of a vertical shaft hydrounit is critical to trouble free. The most secure digital platform to get legally binding, electronically signed documents in just a few seconds.
This measurement can be projected the full length of both shafts for proper positioning there is a need to allow for thermal movement. Start a free trial now to save yourself time and money. Accurate laser shaft alignment of the driver to the driven machine requires that the cardan shaft and its couplings be removed. Flexible couplings can accommodate some misalignment but should not be used as an excuse for poor alignment or lack of maintenance. These changes in the shaft alignment can be accommodated in a. A machine properly aligned will be a reliable asset to the plant, it will be there when it is needed and. Adjust the machine in live mode in both horizontal and. The alignment of shaft with the bearing and housing, which is a manufacturing tolerance stackup of the bearing parts and the housing bores and faces. Read the article to know more about shaft alignment method and techniques. Coupling is a component used to connect a drive shaft and a driven part, for example, a motor shaft and a ball screw for the purpose of transmitting the torque.
The importance of motor shaft alignment department of energy. Shaft aligning procedure preliminary checks visually check coupling, pipe hangers, base bolts, coupling spacing etc. Improper alignment results in excessive vibration, short life of driven equipment compound bearing and coupling clutch parts, and frequent re alignment. The original function of a flexible coupling was to accommodate the small amounts of shaft misalignment remaining after the completion of a shaft alignment using a straight edge or feeler gauges. Proper alignment of couplings is necessary to ensure that stresses and forces are not induced to the coupling itself or to shafts and bearings. Actual installed coupling end gap inches parallel inches.
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